再看一个例子: My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby. 本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit,但段中有两个irrelevant sentences,一个是I bought two new suitcases last week,另一个是My mother was a premature baby 。从上面两个例子可以看出,native speakers同样会造出来irrelevant sentences 。
卷面上如果这种句子多了,造成偏题或离题,那问题就更严重了 。2、完整性 正象我们前面说得那样,一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现,如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实,就不能构成一个完整的段落 。
同样,虽然有推展句,但主题思想没有得到相对圆满的交待,给读者一种意犹未尽的感觉 。这样的段落也不能完成其交际功能 。
例如: Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides, it is more useful to work —— you produce something rather than more anxiety or depression. 本段的主题句是段首句 。本段的两个推展句均不能回答主题句中提出的问题 。
什么是“a mind in turmoil”(心境不平静)Physical work又如何能改变这种情况?为什么它能起therapy的作用?读者得不到明确的答案 。因此,要达到完整就必须尽可能地简明 。
例如: It is not always true that a g筏攻摧纪诋慌搓苇掸俩ood picture is worth a thousand words. Often writing is much clearer than a picture. It is sometimes difficult to figure out what a picture means, but a careful writer can almost always explain it. 段首句所表达的主题思想是一种看法,必须有具体事例加以验证 。上述两个推展句只是在文字上对主题作些解释,整个段落内容空洞,简而不明 。
如果用一两个具体的例子的话,就可以把主题解释清楚了 。比如下段: It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes, pictures are pretty useless things. If you can't swim and fall in the river and start gulping water, will you be better off to hold up a picture of yourself drowning, or start screaming "Help"?3、连贯性(coherence) 连贯性包括意连和形连两个方面,前者指的是内在的逻辑性,后者指的是使用转换词语 。
当然这两者常常是不可分割的 。只有形连而没有意连,句子之间就没有内在的有机的联系;反之,只有意连而没有形连,有时行文就不够流畅 。
1)、意连 段落中句子的排列应遵循一定的次序,不能想到什么就写什么 。如果在下笔之前没有构思,边写边想,写写停停,那就写不出一气呵成的好文章来 。
下面介绍几种常见的排列方式 。A.按时间先后排列4、有损连贯性的几种情况: 考生在写作中经常出现下面几种错误: 1、不必要的改变时态,比如: In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him, so he takes refuge with。
4. 英语如何学精 1.多记,尤其是多掌握单词,在零碎时间看看单词;
2.多背,课文范例,背得越多越好,越熟越好;
【精英语怎么写】3.敢说,加入spiiker英语,天天说,大胆说,大声说,不怕错,错了及时纠正;
4.多写,好记性不如烂笔头,天天写,熟能生巧;
5.多听,英语新闻CCTV9,英语广播,还有录音等;
6.多看,尤其象国外经典原文片(老友记),反复看;
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